When the horror stops, the key to peace in Gaza and Ukraine will be how power is shared | Simon Jenkins

SYRIA is It is said to slide Towards civil war, as the various factions demand the transferred power. In the root of the same issue, the local autonomy, which led to regional turmoil in Ukraine and the divided leadership in Palestine. It lies behind the devastating conflicts in Sudan and the Democratic Republic of the Congo. everyone These places are flowing with guns, allies and bomb. What they lack is the national constitutions that allow their citizens to take adequate local control to live in peace with others in one nation. They lack the skills of the Political Union.

The current Ukraine war followed the failure of the peace agreements reached in Minsk in 2014 and 2015; It is important, depend on technical details on how to determine the self -determination in eastern Ukraine. The subsequent failure was Istanbul deal After the Russian invasion in 2022. It seemed that it was the result of President Zelinski’s reaction to Vladimir Putin Boch massacre. But the origins of failure are due to the reaction of East Russian -speaking Ukraine over years of corrupt and oppressive rule from Kiev. There is a similar opposition between Russian minorities in the Baltic countries. Everywhere, the local concern.

A constitution capable of bringing a stable peace through autonomy to Palestine West Bank Gaza may seem almost unreasonable, but one day it should appear. Peace always follows the war. We assume that Qatari and Egyptian mediators are wrestling with this now, but it is still perplexing what the leverage can obtain on the parties whose leadership structures are completely committed to armed conflict. No less urgent is to help Syria achieve a coalition similar to the penetration that kept Lebanon neighboring in peace, despite the frequency. Syria needs to invade the constitutional business.

Transferred constitutions. India was held together after division by allowing a ruthless regional. It took decades from the civil war to reach an agreement with the separatists in the Basque, but that continued. Britain failed. Four years have passed since Ireland celebrated the centenary of its departure from the United Kingdom, after a bitter civil war in the wake of a denial of the ruling on the house. To this day, Not Northern Ireland or Scotland They are stable members in the union. The reason is simple: OCD in London.

Technology focuses on power on central governments, more regions and provinces – in democracies and tyranny alike – requires greater freedom. Denying them and rising to varying degrees of rebellion. Governments subject to lack of constitutional restrictions, as in Britain, they simply find unpalatable transition. Each British political party divides the local honor during the opposition, and then crushes it when it is in power. Almost the last area of ​​the local estimated authority in England, the city, the country and the country, is now canceled by Kiir Starmer. It eliminates Hundreds of democratic provinces councils He finds uncomfortable for his bureaucracy.

The wise systems in Europe use their constitutions to satisfy the local opposition, such as Italy with regard to Sicily, Spain in Catalonia, Denmark in Greenland. Switzerland is long decentralized in cantons, almost to the maximum national sovereignty; Even the qualification to vote was once appreciated. The German constitution is carefully designed after the Second World War to distribute power Unacceptableand To reduce the arrival of the central state. When Yugoslavia collapsed from Tito, failure to establish a strong federal constitution led to its provinces to the bloody civil war and disintegration.

The proper construction building is necessary for a safe state. It can be said that the most successful is the one that the United States – the plural – for America in the eighteenth century. It is protected with a central balance of powers and self -independence in the rights of states, a balance that may be tested soon for destruction. But together the United States gathered a union of varying ethnic and patriotic peoples in a way that defeated the subsequent efforts in the Union in both Europe and South America.

It may be difficult to write on constitutions at the time of peace, but they are more difficult after states collapsed in the war. When weapons are burning and decreasing bombs, it appears that talking about the disputed borders, transmitted gatherings, estimated taxes, and the local police are not related. After these agreements there must be. Building the constitution may not provide any titles, but what it can do is stop hundreds of thousands of people who die.

Post -war diplomatic professors, such as George Keenan and Henry Kissinger, have kept war free of war for half a century. The containment philosophy means avoiding direct conflict with Russia. It also included a measurement response to dealing with Russia with its relations with its neighbors on the front lines, such as Hungary and Czechoslovakia. The containment that was held even recently, Russia is no longer the preservation of power on its family from the subordinate countries, and its exhausting systems due to sexual impotence. Most of them were completely left from the Moscow Empire.

Both Gaza and Ukraine You will need constitutions of wonderful durability. However, while the generals ignore His Majesty their leadership, the manufacture of diplomatic peace appears in its infancy. Someone must distribute the political structures of these places that meet the intense desire in their long-term citizens on the ground-the intense desire for everything in order to free from interfering from higher authority. This is a freedom that modern governments, in peace or in war, are still difficult to achieve.

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