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New hints from one of the most comprehensive investigative studies in the universe until now indicate that mysterious dark energy may develop in ways that can transform how astronomers understand the universe.
Dark energy is a term that scientists use to describe the energy or strength that speeds up the expansion of the universe. However-although it represents 70 % of the energy in the universe-the researchers still have no idea about what the dark energy is, said Mustafa Ishak Bouchki, professor of physics and astronomical physics at the University of Texas in Dallas.
Ishak-Boushaki is Cochair for the work group to cooperate with the spectral tools for dark energy, known as the name Disi. The tool, now in its fourth year of wiping the sky, can monitor the light from 5,000 galaxies at the same time. When the project ends in the next year, the light of a light will be about 50 million galaxies.
Cooperation, which includes more than 900 researchers, participated. The latest version of the data Of the first three years of Disi on March 19. Among the results of the measurements of approximately 15 million galaxies and monsters, some of the brightest things in the universe. ISHAK-Boushak helped lead an analysis of the latest version of DESI data, which indicates that the dark energy-which has long been called “cosmic constant” given that astronomers believe that it has not changed-behaves in unexpected ways and may weaken even over time.
“The discovery of dark energy was nearly 30 years ago, the biggest surprise in my scientific life,” said David Winberg, a professor of astronomy at Ohio State University, who contributed to the analysis of Desi. “These new measurements provide the strongest evidence so far that dark energy is developing, which will be another change in our understanding of how the universe works.”
Scientists say the results make astronomers another step closer to revealing the mysterious nature of dark energy, which may mean that the standard model of how the universe works may also require update.
A deep look at the universe
Sifting instrument of dark energy on top of the Nicholas U. Mayall Telescope of the National Corporation of the National Sciences at the Kitt Peak National Observatory in Toxon, Arizona. The “eyes” of visual optical fibers, which cost 5,000 fibers and the extensive survey capabilities, managed to build one of the largest 3D maps of the universe and follow how dark energy affected the universe and formed over the past 11 billion years.
The Mayall 4-Meter telescope is located above the horizon in Arizona. – Marilyn Sargent/California University rulers, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
It takes time to light from heavenly things like galaxies to travel to Earth, which means that Desi can effectively see how the universe was at different points in time, from billions of years to the present time.
John Mustakas, a professor of physics at Sina and Collech, told the data.
The latest results include data on more than twice the cosmic objects that have been wiped Less than a year ago. These disclosures for 2024 first alluded to how dark energy evolved.
“We’re in the Business of Letting the Universe Tell Us How it Works, and Maybe the Universe Is Telling Us It’s More Complicated Than Thought It Was,“ SAID Andrei Cuceu, a postDoCTORALALL Researcher at the US Department of Energy’s Lawrence Berkelegi National Laboratory, You Manages Desi, and Cochair of Desi’s Lyman-Alpha Working Group, in a Statement. “It is interesting and gives us more confidence to see that many different evidence lines indicate the same direction.”
Cosmic evidence installation
Desi can measure what scientists call vocal vocal vocal fluctuation, or Bao, the scale – mainly how the events that occurred early in the universe occurred behind the patterns in how to distribute material across the universe. Astronomers look at the BAO scale, with a separation from the material by about 480 million light years, as standard ruler.
“This separation scale is similar to a truly huge ruler in the space that we can use to measure distances, and we use a mixture of this distance and red failure (the speed things that are away from us) to measure the expansion of the universe,” said Paul Martini, the analysis coordinator and professor of astronomy at Ohio State University.
Measuring the effect of dark energy across the history of the universe shows the prevailing power it was.
The researchers began to notice when they merged these notes with other lights of light throughout the universe such as explosive stars, light gravity covered with distant galaxies, and light residues from the dawn of the universe, called the background of the cosmic microwave, DESI data shows that the effect of dark energy may decline over time.
“If this continues, the dark energy will not eventually be the dominant power in the universe,” Ehhak Bouchk said in an e -mail. Therefore, the expansion of the universe will stop accelerating and will go at a fixed rate or even in some models that may stop and stop again. Of course, these futures are very remotely and will take billions of billions and years.
The sparkling band of the Milky Way can be seen to the left of the telescope. – KPNO/NORILAB/NSF/AURA/RT Spark
Solve a permanent puzzle
Ishak Bouchk said that there is sufficient evidence so far that declares a pioneering discovery that the dark energy is developing and weakening categorically, but this may change in just two years.
Martini said: “My first big question is whether we will continue to see evidence of the development of dark energy because our measurements improve and better.” “If we get to the point where the evidence is overwhelming, my following questions will be: How do dark energy develop? What are the most likely physical explanations?”
The version of the new data can also help astronomical physicists a better understanding of how galaxies and black holes develop and nature Dark material. Although the dark matter has not been discovered at all, it is believed that it constitutes 85 % of the total material in the universe.
Scientists participating in cooperation are to improve their measurements using Desi.
“Whatever the nature of the dark energy, it will form the future of our world,” said Michael Levy, director of Disi and a scientist at the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory. “It is striking that we can look at the sky with our telescopes and try to answer one of the biggest questions posed by humanity.”
Martini said that a new experience called SPC-S5, or the spectral experience of 5, can measure more than 10 times the number of galaxies such as Desi to study both dark energy and dark materials.
Martini said: “S5 Specifications will use telescopes in both the northern and southern hemispheres to draw the map of galaxies across the entire sky,” said Martini. “We are also excited about how to study the VERA telescope, and provides a unified new data collection to study the expansion date (the universe).”
Other space fans, such as Space telescope Euclids and Nancy Grace Roman telescopeJason Rhodes, the world of the universe in NASA in Pasadina, California, said that it is scheduled to be launched in 2027, will also contribute to more main measurements of the dark matter and dark energy in the coming years that can help fill the gaps. Rhodes, who does not participate in DESI, is the leadership of the American Science of the IDE and the head of the NASA Dark Energy Team.
Rhodes, who calls interesting results, said the data shows a slight but continuous tension between the measurements from the first days of the universe and those in the subsequent universe.
Rhodes said: “This (this means) that the simplest model of dark energy does not fully allow the early universe that we notice to develop into the late universe that we notice.” “It seems that the results of Desi (and some other recent results) indicate that a more complex model of dark energy is preferred. This is really exciting because it may mean that it may rule new physics, unknown, the development of the universe. Desi has given us a focused results that may indicate a new model of cosmology.”
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