The railway that is divided through the city center, New Jersey, which is lined up by dozens of men, is waiting for work. Every morning, men – day workers, almost from Latin America will be attracted by local contractors in small trucks for functionality, landscapes, and removal of debris.
In recent weeks, the tracks have been deserted. On February morning, a worker named Mario, who came from Mexico two decades ago, said he was calm to remember him.
“Because of the president, we have fear,” said Mario, 55, who agreed to conduct interviews with them, provided that his first name is used because he is unreliable. He also has illegally in the United States; One works in paving, and the other in building the house. “We are in difficult times,” he said.
This scene was playing in the streets of free ownership, on the Central California Valley farms, in the role of the elderly in Arizona, in the poultry factories in Georgia and in Chicago restaurants.
President Trump broadcasts “collective deportation” plans, and the opening weeks of his second term have brought the enforcement of migration in cities throughout the United States, providing a daily shield of arrests that, although relatively limited, was quickly referred to in the collective chat between immigrants.
Fear has attracted American workers who are not documented. Many reside at home.
The influence is not only considered in the role of migrants and societies, but also in industries that depend on migrants as a source of desire and inexpensive employment, including residential construction, agriculture, higher care and hospitality. American consumers will soon feel pain.
“Companies all over the industries are known when the workforce – restaurants, cafes and grocery stores that are struggling to survive, disappear, food prices, and ordinary Americans who are demanding action,” said Rebecca Shi, CEO of the American Business Immigration Coalition.
An estimated 20 percent of the American workforce is foreign children, and millions of migrant workers lack the status of legal immigration.
Hundreds of thousands of deportation have been protected and have work permits within the framework of a program called the temporary protected situation, presented to the citizens of the countries in the turmoil, which enabled the giants of companies such as Amazon and the big commercial builders to employ them. But Mr. Trump has already announced that he would go to the program, starting with the beneficiaries of the Venezuelan and Haiti.
Refugees from all over the world, who settled in the United States after persecution, supplied a fixed pipeline of low -skilled workers for poultry plants, warehouses and manufacturing. But this pipeline may dry out since Mr. Trump closed the American refugee program. Last month, a federal judge has temporarily regained a suspended lawsuit, but the program remains in a state of complete stopping and no refugees arrived.
The White House did not answer questions about the deportation strategy and how the Trump administration imagined that the gaps left by the migrant workforce fill.
The most vulnerable industries leaders warn that the effect will be widespread, with long -term consequences for consumers and employers.
Kezia Scales, Vice President of Phi, a national research and advocacy organization that focuses on long -term care for the elderly and persons with disabilities, said her industry is already facing a “employment crisis.”
She said: “If migrants are prevented from entering this workforce or were forced to leave the country through restricted immigration and rhetoric policies,” we will face disastrous collapse and results on millions of people who depend on these workers. “
Warning of high costs
In construction, Up to 19 percent of all workers are not documentedAccording to independent estimates – the share is higher in many states. Their contribution is more clear to residential construction, as industry leaders have warned of acute lack of employment.
“Any removal operations for building workers will exacerbate this problem,” said Nick Theodor, Professor of Urban Planning and Politics at the University of Illinois Chicago. “Inevitably, the work will slow down, which leads to an increase in the cost, due to the delay of production.” This will have a profound impact on the construction industry, from developers to private sector owners.
Zac Fritz, an economist with builders and contractors, a national trade association in the field of trade, said in the field of commercial construction, that would raise the costs of tightening costs due to the rising pressure on wages.
The group’s CEO, Michael de Bilaman, said he welcomed many aspects of what he considered “the cancellation of the organizational restrictions of Mr. Trump, the agenda of growth.” But he and others in the industry also called for a comprehensive reform of the immigration system, including by expanding work visas.
Mr. Bilaman said that the commercial building depends on many workers with a temporary protected situation. Some of them were in industry for decades.
The mayor of Houston, John Wittir, said that people who believe that his city and the country can flourish without the work of immigrants that are not documented “they do not live in the real world.”
“You know who is paved our roads and building our homes.” Said Mr. Weutmir, a democratic.
Challenges in caring for the elderly
The higher care industry faces a similar challenge: the increasing demand for workers, and not two Americans born in indigenous newlyweds to do this work. These jobs have been increasingly occupied by immigrants in varying legal situations.
Adam Lambert has spent 15 years in the industry in Texas, mainly managed to care for the parents of children’s children. The work is prosperous – and Silver tsunami It is warned on the horizon: the number of adults is 65 or greater in the United States in 2022, and is expected to exceed 80 million by 2050.
“I have never washed child births after the regime, and they will be a completely new generation that we will have to treat,” said Mr. Lambert, CEO of Manchester Care Founders and Cambridge -based sponsorship presenter, based in Cambridge.
About 80 percent of his sponsorship providers. “We do not go out in search of migrant people,” he said. “We get out of employing people who answer the call – they are all immigrants.”
He said that every person who rented him permission to work legally in the United States, but if the collective deportation promised by Mr. Trump is fulfilled, then employment will become more striking in the industry that already fights it.
There are five million people working directly with customers while the official official care industry is considered to be consisting of those who can occupy legal jobs in the United States.
In New York, two -thirds of home workers are born abroad, as well as half of nearly half in California and Maryland. Countless others participate in the vast gray market, which is likely to be worth billions of dollars, used by families who employ assistants at home, and many of them are not documented, by mouth or online.
Elderly home care providers support basic activities of daily life, helping them to eat, dress, shower, and toilet. They accompany them to the dates of doctors and manage their medicines. It is low, low -wheel drive, but it requires a specific mood, physical strength and patience.
Experts say that if tens of thousands of illegal care providers are deported, there will be greater competition for fewer sponsorship providers. The cost of care at home will climb.
Green card holders and American citizens are often not documented, and these mixed families were pressure with the intensification of repression of migration.
Molly Johnson, General Manager of FirstLight Home Care, a licensed agency in California, has expanded the list of sponsorships quickly to meet the demand for work since the start of work five years ago. She said that all of her workers passed the rear exams, which are American citizens or permanent legal residents.
But recently, a prominent sponsorship, an American born in the mother, resigned suddenly because her mother was being held by immigration agents. The person I care about was amaze.
“Unfortunately, we will see more of this flowing effect,” said Ms. Johnson. “If our care provider is not, he is one of his family members affected by enforcement procedures.”
Test for farmers
During the Covid-19 pandemic, migrant men and women working on the Deardorf family farms in Oxenard, California-all over the country, were wiped in vast areas and food treatment plants-by the government.
Like other farmers, Tom Derdorf, who runs the vegetable farm, printed cards for his workers to show law enforcement officers, if they stop their way to the fields, declaring that the Ministry of Internal Security considers them “embarrassment of the food supply chain.” Their migration was not a concern.
“These people have arrived in our country to do this work,” said Mr. Derdorf, a fourth generation of fourth generation. “We owe them not only,” thank you. “We owe them to them with fitness and shared dignity for not threatening by government sanctions.”
Now, with Mr. Trump at the White House, he faces many immigrants who reap strawberry, vegetables and citrus fruits in this agricultural extension in southern California, detention and deportation.
The American agricultural sector has suffered from a shortage of employment for decades. The migrants, especially from Mexico and Central America, have filled the void: farmers say they cannot find American workers born to do hard work. More than 40 percent of the country’s crop workers are immigrants without legal status, according to estimates of the Ministry of Agriculture, but many of them lived in the United States for decades.
“The argument that some have made, from a long time, is that people will do these jobs if he leaves all immigrants,” said Janis Fine, a professor of work studies and work relationships at Rotters University. “But there is no guarantee that employers will raise wages or improve working conditions.”
She said there was “a misunderstanding of the labor market.” She said that the reason for the absence of American citizens in the agricultural sector – or the care of the elderly, or residential construction – is not only related to money. She said these jobs “low -wage, low -level, highly exploited unless union workers are organized.”
Three days campaign In the Central Valley in California in January, before Mr. Trump took office, he showed the possible effects of application on a large scale in agricultural areas. The absenteeism increased after the border patrol agents surveyed in Beckerfield. They stopped and arrested the people in the home warehouse, at gas stations and along a road that was largely smuggled to the farms, according to the Nisei Farmers League, a farmer association.
About 30 to 40 per cent of workers failed to reports to the fields in the days that followed, according to the association, which represents about 500 farms and centers.
Gregory described K. Boufino, the head of the South California border patrol, is the operation as a “great success” that led to the arrest of 78 people in the country illegally, including some “dangerous criminal history”. Agricultural workers’ advocates said that many others without criminal records have also been rounded.
Prepare for more raids
Immigrants and advocacy organizations are preparing for more raids.
In Princeton, New Jersey, on a rainy day, about ten workers gather a day to attend a meeting with On Axion resistance, the New Jersey Group that focuses on migrant workers, which is part of a sprawling organization called the National Organization Network.
Workers had different immigration cases – some had a temporary protected position or other protection forms; Others were not documented. They worked as drivers and floors in restaurants and in mechanical stores. A man, who worked at a window factory, said he was terrifying that federal agents would come to his workplace, where dozens of other immigrants in Latin America have risen. Others said they have been working for less hours in recent weeks, out of fear.
A man, who said he was making fish, fruits and vegetables, asked a small grocery store, loudly: “What is the white person who will do these jobs?”
