One of the greatest climateThe relevant engineering challenges are currently the design and construction of a large plane of emissions. In this huge pledge, no aircraft maker is invested Airbus.
in Airbus summitA symposium for reporters on March 24 and 25, senior executives drew a bold and advanced vision for soldiers for future generations of the company airplane. Highlight, from a technical perspective, is a Super deliveryFuel cell, plane.
Airpos strategy is based on parallel development efforts. While carrying out the massive research and development projects needed to create the large, Fuel cells The company said that it will also work vigorously on a plane designed to photograph the most capable efficiency of combustion. For this plane, the company targets a decrease from 20 to 30 percent in fuel consumption, according to Barono Fishivo, head of future programs in Airbus. The plane will be one of the designers, designed for Airbus’s backward A320 family From aircraft, a passenger jet plane is best -selling on the market, with Almost 12000 Delivery. The company expects that the new plane will enter at some time in the last half of the thirties.
Airbus hopes to achieve great efficiency by exploiting the emerging developments in Flying enginesWings, lightweight compound materials, high -strength, and Sustainable aviation fuel. For example, Airbus revealed that she is now working on a pair of advanced aircraft engines, which will have more extremism Open fan Whose blades revolve without the surrounding quantity. Airbus evaluates such an engine in a project with a partner CFM InternationalA joint project between GE aerospace and Safran aircraft engines.
Without Nacelle attached to it, the fan’s fan blades can be very large, allowing higher levels of “overturning air”, which is the air that is absorbed at the back of the engine – separates from the air used to withstand fuel – and expel it to provide payment. The optimum air rate to combustion air is an important measure of engine performance, with higher levels indicating higher efficiency, according to Muhammad AliHead of Technology and Operations for GE outer space. normal Diaspora lineage Today is about 11 or 12, but the open design can enable the proportions of up to 60, according to Ali.
Ali added that the partners have already tested open engines in two different series of wind tests in Europe. “The results were very encouraging, not only because they are really good in terms of performance and verification of noise, but also [because] “They bear the verification of the arithmetic analysis that we did.” Ali said at the Airbus event.
A scale of an open aircraft engine was tested last year at the wind tunnel in Modan, France. The tests were conducted by the National Space Research Agency in France and Safran Air engines, which are operating on open engines with Geospace.Safran aircraft engines
The fuel cell plane is the cornerstone of the targets of zero emissions
Parallel to these advanced combustion flights, Airbus has developed a five -year fuel cell plane under a program called Stand up. At the summit, Airbus CEO Immediate clouds It retracted the flight of such a plane by 2035, noting that there is no organizational framework to ratify these aircraft as well as slow infrastructure needed to produce “Green” hydrogen On a commercial scale at competitive prices. “We will have the risk of a kind of” Concorder of Hydrogen “where we will have a solution, but this will not be a widely applicable solution,” I explained immediately.
However, he qualified to reaffirm the company’s commitment to the project. “We still believe hydrogenHe said: “We are fully convinced that this is an energy for the future to fly, but there is more work that must be done. More work for Airbus, and more work for others around us to bring this energy to something widely, which is competitive, and this will lead to success, which makes a great contribution to carbon removal.” Many major industries in the world have pledged, including flying, to achieve it Zero Safi greenhouse gas emissions By 2050, Faury and other Airbus officials were called for a major agency for the Zeroe project.
Later in this event, Glenn LilinThe Vice President of Airbus, who is responsible for the Zeroe program, described the project in detail, indicating an effort for breathtime aspiration. The perceived plane will be held at least 100 people and has a range of 1000 nautical miles (1850 km). It will be operated by four “engines” for fuel cells (two on each suite), and each has 2 megawatts.
according to Hauke luderversFuel cell payment Systems Development At Airbus, the company has already conducted intensive tests in Munich on a 1.2 -megawat Lieber Groupand ELRINGKLERERERand Magna StirAnd Dihab. LUEDDERS said the company focuses on a low -temperature proton membrane Fuel cellsAlthough it has not yet settled on technology.
But the real amazing was a description of two wilts of a comprehensive program in Airbus for the design and testing of a completely connecting electrical transmission set for the fuel cell plane. “as hydrogen “It is stored on the plane is stored at a very cold temperature, minus 253 degrees Celsius, we can use this temperature and the refrigerated technology to cool electricity in the full system,” said Llewelyn. Energy efficiency And performance. Right Electric planeEnably designing larger, more powerful and more efficient planes. “
In response to a question from IEEE SICTRUMLlewelyn explained that all the main components of Electrical payment The system will be cooled: “electrical distribution system, electronic controls, Energy transformersAnd the engines ” – specifically, coils in Engines. “We are working with partners on every one component,” he added. He explained that the cold cooling system will cool the cooler that will be circulated to maintain the cold of the components.
The fuel cell plane will include a “engine”, as depicted by Airbus, 2 megawatts Electric motor The connected engine control unit (MCU), the fuel cell system to operate the engine, and the systems associated with air supply, Hydrogen fuelLiquid cooler, and other necessities. The RAM will capture the cold air that flows over the plane for use in the cooling systems.Airbus Sas
Flying can be the deadly application Super conductors?
Llewelyn did not specify any Super conductors And the cooling was working with. but High temperature connectors It is a good bet, due to the highly low requirements on The cooling system It will be needed to keep Super conductivity.
Ceramic ceramic conductors were based on copper Invented in IBM In 1986, various forms of which are high -temperature connectors between 238 ° C (35 km) and -140 ° C (133 km) when the surrounding pressure. These temperatures are higher than the traditional super connections, which need temperatures less than about 25 kilograms.
But the super expert, the applied physicist Yu is in Yelle The university, I was relieved of news from Airbus. “It was my first reaction,” really? “My second, Wow reaction was this full line of search, or application, is already growing and I am very happy” about the ambitious Airbus plans.
Super conductors of copper oxide are used in some applications, almost all experimental. These rural generators included Torbrin, the demonstrations of the magnetic separation train, short electrical transport cables, magnetic imaging machines, especially in the electromagnetic magnetic files for the experimental experiment Tokamak Fusion Rensions.
Tokamak application, in the startup of the merger is called Commonwealth of melting systems,, In particular, because to make coils, engineers had to invent a process to convert fragile copper dioxide materials usually tape This can be used to form files in the form of Donat capable of maintaining a very high flow flow and therefore very intense Magnetic fields.
“presence Exclusive Mosul He says: Providing such a large current is desirable because it does not generate heat. This means, first, you have much lower energy than the files themselves. Second, you do not need a lot of cooling power to remove heat. “
However, technical obstacles are great. “One can argue that it is inside the engine,” he says. “Then it becomes, how does the total heat run inside the engine?”
An engineer at Air Liquide Advanced Technologies is working on Air Liquide Advanced Technologies Hydrogen storage The distribution system in the liquid hydrogen plate in November 2024. The “baking board” was created last year in Grenoble, France, by the bronchi and Wrbus.Céline Sadonnet/Master Films
For this challenge, engineers will have at least a favorable environment with cool, rapidly flowing air. Engineers will be able to take advantage of the “huge air flow” on engines and other components to help cooling, as suggested. Smart design can “take advantage of this Kinetic energy From flowing air. “
To test the advanced payment system of the fuel cell, Airbus built a unique test center in Grenoble called a “liquid hydrogen board”, which was revealed at the top. “We have made a partnership with Advanced air techniquesTo build the facility, he said: “This painting is a multi -use test platform designed to simulate the main elements of future aircraft engineering: tanks, valves, tubes and pumps, allowing us to verify various different configurations. This test facility helps us gain a critical view of safety, hydrogen operations, tank design, refueling, venting, and measurement. “
“During the year 2025, we will continue to test the full fluid system for hydrogen and distribution,” he added. “By 2027, our goal is to take another major step forward, and to test the full system from one side, including the fuel cell engine and the liquid hydrogen storage system and distribution, which will allow us to evaluate the full system during work.”
Glin Zorbett traveled to Toulouse as a guest in Airbus.
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