World’s oldest rune stone has more pieces that contain mysterious messages, researchers say

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the The oldest Ron stone historian in the worldDiscover a new research in 2023, it is just one piece of one plate greater than 2000 years. Now, scientists in Norway are working to reassemble the old puzzle, a process that began to highlight the sculpture of mysterious writing and what the words mean.

The cosmic letters were the first building blocks of Germanic writing during the first few centuries AD and remained in use in the Scandinavian countries until the late Middle Ages, according to what he said. Cultural History Museum at the University of Oslo. It is believed that the Germanic people were inspired by the Roman alphabet to create the characters, according to the museum, but the precise assets of cosmic and how they were used remained mysterious.

Many stones carved with Ronoism across the Scandinavian countries carry wonderful messages, such as one about a Viking Queen is strong Or a Warning of cold climate change Based on the past events. But many of these stones are from the Vikings era, about 800 to 1050, and the presence of few examples of premature colonia.

Archaeologists who originally discovered the oldest Ron Stone known in 2021 during the investigation into the site of the ancient grave in East Norway found the large piece covered with the monuments of Roni. But as field work continues, researchers discovered additional shrapnel from sandstone, some of them carrying similar routine patterns, in other close graves.

It seems that the broken pieces are appropriate to each other, as some Ronnie scenario continued from one stone, and scientists realized that the fragments were all part of one stone. The research team published the new results in the February 3 issue of the magazine Ancient times.

It seems that the stone was intentionally divided, based on the broken way, and the individual pieces were placed in different burials that occurred later. Over time, Ron stones were used as a memorial or to distinguish events. The use of this Rooney stone has changed in particular over time, as it suggested the latest results.

The stone pieces – including the discovery of the original 2021 – ended alongside the burning human residue, which allowed researchers to confirm that the Rooney fragments are the oldest documentation ever. The radioactive carbon bitten suggested that the history of shrapnel return to between 50 BC and 275 AD.

“Because of the scarcity of code stones present in clearly applicable archaeological contexts, we did not have tangible evidence about the early use of Ren’s writing Professor Runology at the Museum of Cultural History at the University … a rare exception, in addition, it features a wonderful mixture of inscriptions Multiple and other signs-unlike anything previously seen on studded stones. “

But the fragments are also new secrets, including the puzzles contained in the mysterious bad signs, which are difficult to translate, as well as sudden evidence of the identities of the successes themselves. The results may help researchers a better understanding of how Ron’s stones re -process over time.

Decoding the code letters

Archaeologists have found Ronnie inscriptions on different organisms, including bone comb and iron knife, as well as Ron stones, which had different uses. In any case, the translation of the code is difficult because the Germanic languages ​​they represent vary over time.

“It is possible that Ron Rones will have festive and practical intentions,” Zelamer said. “The field of the grave and the original (individual) stone indicates a memorial and consecration, while the subsequent use in a separate burial illuminates pragmatic and symbolic expressions later.”

The research team initially began investigating the Svingerud Grave field – a source of many previous archaeological discoveries – in the Norway municipality (25 miles, or 40 km, northwest of Oslo) as part To study, Dr. Steinar Solheim, Associate Professor of Archeology at the Museum of Cultural History at the University of Oslo.

“The inscriptions on the stones that were recovered from the site of the hole are especially exciting because they seem to reflect multiple works of insertion,” showing a wonderful mixture of intended and concept writing, writing attempts and scenario -like books. “

Unknown signs may represent early variables of code, but it is difficult for researchers to know when different inscriptions are made.

One of the serials on the Svingerud stone, now known as stone 2, in particular, stands out: one word, or name, from Idberug. Researchers cannot follow an accurate meaning, so they think it was the name of the person, and perhaps a woman.

There is a clearer inscription on the stone in the 3 -year -old, and it appears to be the signature of Rune Infber.

Zilmer said: “The text begins with the word” I “, followed by the name of the independent, then the verb that refers to the activity (” Books “) and finally the word” Ron “, which indicates the inscription as a whole.” .

“The name Ron Carsv is in the challenge due to the dimose, mysteriously and superficial spaces,” Zilmer added. We have suggested some possible readings. The most interesting feature is the end with -U, which indicates that this could have been the name of a woman. If so, this will be the oldest known record of the Ron lamp. “

In the Ronnie text program, the end -u is feminine. The authors in connecting the potential female catercum are frequent on the hole stone 3 with the potential female name of IDIBERug on the hole stone 2 at this stage of their research.

The team’s work is still more unveiling on many additional small parts that were discovered in 2023, and researchers are still trying to determine the best way to put them together.

“The challenge lies in the fact that this is not a complete mystery – we miss large parts, and there are clear gaps,” Zilmer said. “However, we believe that it should be possible to determine the number of smaller fragments that can be connected to the larger shrapnel or each other.”

Dr. Lesbeth Amir, Amina and a chief researcher at the National Museum of Denmark, believes that the stones will lead to the skepticism of researchers in their understanding of Ron’s stones, which were usually as stability to commemorate people’s names and prevent them from fading over time. IMER did not participate in the new study, but it specializes in the study of Ronoism.

“But the Svingerud stone challenges this perception, because it was carved with code, then it was destroyed, then carved with a new engraving, etc.”. “Therefore, we may not look at it as Ron Stone, but as something completely different. There are still secrets that must be resolved here.”

Old stones detection

Three graves hills were known at the Svingerud site of previous research, but archaeologists found burning within the fourth hill and flat graves during the new excavations.

The team began digging the burning of the bodies, or simple graves with a few visible signs or no on the ground, which were common from the late bronze age (1750 to 500 BC) to the Roman Iron Age (1 to 400). The crew revealed the bones of adult burning, coal and other dangerous commodities, in addition to a brown reddish plate with a Ronk’s writing, all tucked under the smaller grave hill.

The team also revealed pottery, treatment, belts, needles, and bone comb, and begins in 2022, and continued to discover sand stone fragments carrying the effects of inscriptions. One, named Hole 3, he had a code and selected lines through it. Al -Rawouni provided the beginning and end of the inscriptions on two larger workers near.

The largest part discovered by the team, called Hole 1, was found in a vertical position in a grave and no signs of Rooney inscription were found, prompting researchers to believe that it was one day a base of straight stone.

While studying the 2th and Hole 3 in March 2023, “it soon became clear that they are fit together,” which indicates that the stone was initially aimed at identifying one grave before it was separated from the celebration of subsequent burial. Separate graves can also be linked somehow unknown, according to the research.

IMER believes that stone pieces are a very interesting discovery because they were present in a dangerous field with an opportunity to make radioactive carbon history.

in January 2011 studyIMER suggested that the oldest Ron stones could be from the late Roman period, between 160 and 375, “due to stylistic evidence related to the chic chic and linguistics, and that Ron’s oldest stones are in Norway,” he said.

“I am very happy with the vision of Norwegian scientists who are now able to confirm the timeline,” Emeer said. “The history of the carbon -14 in which they succeeded in the Sviningeud stone between 50 BC and 275 m, which covers a wide range of time, but it is perfectly proportional to the first inscriptions that we know from other types of materials and organisms: pins, weapons and other personal equipment. “

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