James Webb Space Telescope uses cosmic archeology to reveal history of the Milky Way galaxy

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Astronomers have taken the role of cosmic archaeologists, using the JMST telescope to dig more than 100 galaxies of the disk for 11 billion years. Just like the artifacts engraved here on Earth tell the story of the human race, these galaxies can tell the story of our galaxy, the Milky Way.

The aim of this investigation was to discover a reason like galaxies milky way They are built from thick stars with compact stellar tablets. Each of these tablets is distinguished by its own distinctive Star population Its movement.

The team behind this research wanted to know how and why the “dual” structures, and to turn into notes from 111 galaxies directed “Edge-on” from our perspective here on Earth. This is the first time that thick and gentle astronomers are studying from the galaxies that were present during the infant stages of the universe, early from 2.8 billion years yet. The Big Bang.

“This unique measurement of the toxicity of the tablets in High red displacementOr sometimes in the early universe, it is a criterion for theoretical study that was only possible with Jwst“The leader of the team, Takavomi Tsukoy, from the Australian National University He said in a statement. “The stars of the dull disk are usually faded, and the stars of the young disk excel over the entire galaxy.

“But with JWST accuracy and its unique ability to see through dust and highlighting the old old stars, we can determine the structure of two paths of galaxies and measure their thickness separately.”

List the history of the Milky Way

The first step for the team was to separate 111 galaxies in the sample into two categories: double corridors and one introduction.

What seemed to reveal is that galaxies are growing The thick star disk First, with the formation of a delicate disk at a later time.

The team believes that the timing of these disc trapping operations depends on the mass of the galaxy in question. Single -block galaxies have turned into dual disc by the formation of a high -end disk for about 8 billion years ago in our 14 billion years of age. Low block galaxies seem to be subject to this transformation only when they were about 4 billion years old.

“This is the first time that it was possible to solve the fine stellar tablets in the high red displacement. What is a really novel that reveals when the delicate stellar discs begin to appear.” “To see the already high star tablets 8 billion years ago, or even before, was surprising.”

Then the team began determining the reason for these transformations Various types of galaxies. To do this, the researchers exceeded a sample of 111 galaxies to investigate how gas flows on these topics.

Use gas movement data from ATACAMA Big ML/Submillimter (Alma)-A group of 66 antennas in northern Chile that works together as one telescope-and other terrestrial beta.

This showed that the troubled gas is in Early universe Epidem Composition of intense stars In galaxies, thick stellar tablets were affected by these galaxies. Since these thick stars are installed, the gas is installed, and it becomes less disturbed and diluted. This leads to the formation of the compact stereoscopic disk.

The team says that this process takes a different time in high mass galaxies and low -mass galaxies because the former converts gas into more efficient stars than the latter. This means that the gas is more exhausted quickly in the high mass galaxies, which makes it to the point where the fine stellar tablets can be formed more quickly.

This is also associated with our Galaxy. The timing of these transformations coincides with the period in which the theory of the Milky Way method is made to cultivate its high stars disk.

In general, the team’s research shows JWST’s ability to return in time and find galaxies that are compatible with the development of our galaxy, allowing these galaxies to work as agents who tell the story of the Milky Way.

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The next step for this research will include adding more data to see if the relationships they noticed are still standing.

“There is still a lot that we would like to explore,” Tsukoy said. “We want to add the type of information that people usually get to nearby galaxies, such as the stellar movement, age and minerals [the abundance of elements heavier than hydrogen and helium].

“By doing this, we can fill visions of near and far galaxies, and improve our understanding of the disk formation.”

The team’s results appear in the July version of the magazine Monthly notifications of the Royal Astronomical Society.