Jets from powerful black holes can point astronomers toward where − and where not − to look for life in the universe

One of the most powerful things in the universe is a Radio Kawazar – Black yarn hole spraying very active particles. Get close to one, get his attractiveness, or burn from the intense heat surrounding him. However, it is irony that the study of black holes and their planes can give researchers an insight into the place where the worlds that are inhabited in the universe may be.

As an astronomical physicistI spent two contracts to model how black holes revolve, how that planes create, and how they affect the surrounding area environment.

What are black holes?

Black holes It is astronomical astronomical things that use gravity to withdraw the surrounding things. The active black holes have a brown in the form of a pie around it called AccumulationIt contains electrically charged gas.

The plasma that forms the accumulation disk comes from the farthest in the galaxy. when Two galaxies collideThe gas is converted to the central region of this merger. Some of this gas ends with approaching the newly built black hole and forms the accumulation disk.

There is one The superior black hole In the heart From every huge galaxy.

Black holes and their tablets Can be recycledAnd when they do so, they withdraw the space and time with them-a concept that is a confusing mind and is difficult to understand in theory. But black holes are important to study because they produce huge amounts of energy that can affect galaxies.

The vitality of the black hole depends on various factors, such as the bloc of the black hole, whether it rotates quickly, and whether many materials fall on it. Merge operations support the most vital black holes, but not all black holes are fed with gas from the merger. in Sealing galaxiesFor example, less gas tends to fall in the middle, and the central black hole tends to get less energy.

One of the ways they are born with energy is through what scientists call.Aircraft “from very active particles. The black hole can withdraw in the magnetic fields and the active particles surrounding them, and then with the rotation of the black hole, the magnetic fields turn into a plane running out of very active particles.

Magnetic fields revolve around the black hole while rotating to store energy – somewhat similar when the rubber range and damage. When the rubber tape is launched, it settles forward. Likewise, magnetic fields launched their energy by producing these aircraft.

These aircraft can speed up or suppress stars in a galaxy, depending on how to launch energy in the galaxy of the black hole.

Black holes recycling

Some black holes, however, rotate in a different direction from the accumulated disk around it. This phenomenon is called counter -cut, some My colleagues and my colleagues studied It is suggested that it is a major feature that governs the behavior of one of the most powerful types of organisms in the universe: Quasar radio.

Radical parallel is the sub -category of black holes that produce The most powerful energy and aircraft.

You can imagine the black hole as a rotating mobile, and the accumulation disk as disk with a hole in the middle. The black hole sits in that central hole and rotates in one direction, while the accumulation disk rotates in the other direction.

This black antibody reproduces the decrease and is ultimately able to again in the other direction, called corotation. Imagine a basketball in one direction, but you continue to eavesdrop on the other. Ending will spin basketball down. If you continue to click in the opposite direction, it will eventually rotate and rotate in the other direction. The accumulated disk does the same.

Since the aircraft use the power of the black hole, they are only strong when the black hole rotates quickly. The change from reproduction to installation requires at least 100 million years. It takes many equivalent black holes initially billions of years to quickly rotate black holes.

Therefore, these black holes will produce powerful planes early and then in their life, with a break in the middle where the aircraft are either weak or not present.

When the black hole revolves in the counter -procedure with regard to the accumulated disk, this movement produces strong aircraft that pushes the molecules in the surrounding gas. Which leads to the Forming stars.

But later, in inflammation, the jet tends. This tendency makes it so that the plane affects the gas directly, its heat and inhibit the formation of the stars. In addition, the plane also X -ray sprays Through the galaxy. Cosmic x -rays It is bad for life because it can harm organic tissue.

In order for life to flourish, it probably needs a planet with Housing environmental systemThe clouds of hot gas saturated with X -rays do not contain such planets. Therefore, astronomers instead can search for galaxies without a oblique plane coming from its black hole. This idea is the key to understanding where the melting and ripening of the universe can appear in the universe.

Black holes as a guide

By early 2022, I was built Black hole model To use as a guide. It can refer to environments with the appropriate type of black holes to produce the largest number of planets without spraying them with X -rays. Life in such environments can appear to its full potential.

Where are such conditions? The answer is low -density environments where galaxies merged about 11 billion years ago.

These environments contain black holes that strengthened their powerful planes, but they have never tested a bout of installation aircraft. short, I suggest my form In theory, it is possible that the most advanced civilization outside the planet will appear on the cosmic scene Far and billions of years.

This article has been republished from ConversationAn independent, non -profit news organization brings you facts and trusted analysis to help you understand our complex world. Written by: David Garovaloand Kenissao State University

Read more:

David Garofalo does not work with shares, consulting, or receiving them from any company or institution that will benefit from this article, and has not revealed any related affiliations that exceed its academic appointment.