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A picture of the super black hole in the middle of the Milky Way called the Sagittarius A*. | Credit
A strong new technology is preparing to revolutionize how astronomers monitor black holes, by producing sharp multi -colored images that can reveal their dynamic development in actual time.
Through compensation for the turbulent atmosphere Horif horizon telescope (EHT) Array to see the fine details and cosmic features of cosmic things (such as Black holesFrom ever. This method also improves the frequency of notes by expanding the EHT Limited monitoring window, allowing scientists to create time “films” of the black hole activity.
An international team of researchers put this new testing technology using three of 12 telescopes belonging to the EHT, including a 30 -meter telescope at the top of the Picot Welita in Spain, and James Clerk MaxWell Telescope and Subleimter Assperies in Hawaii, according to Hawaii, according to what he mentioned Hawaii. statement From the Harvard Astronomical Physics Center and Smithsonian (CFA).
The challenge of monitoring the universe begins with earthly telescopes AtmosphereThat distorts the radio waves coming from space, according to Sarah Isaf, the main author of the new study and an astronomer with CFA. These deformities are a special problem in the upper frequencies such as 230 GHz (GHz) – also known as the domain, which EHT currently uses – as signals are quickly diluted by disturbance in the atmosphere and water vapor. As a result, the data can only be collected over a short period of time, which limits allergies and makes it difficult to discover dims.
FPT technology works by taking advantage of the fact that the differences in the atmosphere affect various frequencies in similar ways, creating a measurable relationship. By monitoring at a fewer frequency, specifically 86 GHz, which suffers from slower fluctuations in the atmosphere, scientists can use these data to correct the fastest and most definition differences at 230 GHz. This allows much longer medium periods at the highest frequency, which greatly enhances signal clarity and sensitivity. “This EHT’s jump can discover low black holes and precise details ever,” Issle said to the space site.
IRAM 30 -meter in Spain (right) with Sublilimter (SMA) in Hawaii (the top of the left), and the James of the Machwell writer (JCMT) in Hawaii (under the left) to perform FTP technology. | Credit: Pablo Torne (Iram), Jonathan Winteropy (SMA), William Montgomery (EAO/JCMT)
EHT is a global network of radio telescopes that use a technology called a very long primary overlap (VLBI) for digital integration between notes from all over the world. Currently, EHT only operates for 10 days every April, when weather conditions are in line with large -scale telescopes. With FPT, astronomers can largely extend this window, open opportunities to monitor black holes regularly and flexibility, even under the atmospheric conditions of the ideal.
This increased rhythm is the main goal key for EHT: converting static images of black holes In movies That shows how it changes over time. Because most black holes develop slowly, the repeated notes are necessary to track how they revolve around, and how Aircraft of materials It is launched, and how magnetic fields turn. Through frequent monitoring throughout the year, EHT will be able to see black holes that change over time – which may capture phenomena in the actual time for the first time, as ISSAUN indicated.
To make this possible, telescopes are upgraded at EHT to support simultaneous notes at multiple frequencies. This includes adding receptions to 86 GHz. However, not all telescope In the row, it must be equipped with the new reception device to be effective FPT. Even partial implementation can enhance the performance of the full network, because all telescopes work alongside to create a full image of a cosmic goal. While the required devices are relatively simple, each telescope has unique artistic restrictions, which constitute implementation challenges, according to ISSAUN.
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In addition to promoting performance, this technique also adds a new layer of complexity to the same images. With multiple frequency ranges, researchers can overcome data in different colors to detect more detailed structures about a black hole. These multi -range images will help separate features such as rotating gas and Magnetic fieldsDraw a multi -dimensional dynamic image of black hole environments.
Ultimately, the FPT technology from EHT can see only more clear black holes, but also often opened a new era of black hole science.
The first results of the team were Posted on March 26 In the astronomical magazine. Researchers are constantly developing the full capabilities of the EHT network and exploring high frequency capabilities-345 GHz-which can complement multiple notes.
