A The acute sensitivity of food is among the few cases that can push a person from strong health to the subconscious within a few minutes, and often the risk of accidental exposure shades anxiety on the affected people.
But the change is in full swing with Pioneering trial This week explains that two -thirds of adults with severe allergies in peanuts can be sensitive through the daily exposure to clinically overseeing. This approach – oral immunotherapy – is already successfully used in children and is among a wave of treatments on the horizon that aims to reduce the burden of allergies – and may treat it.
“Even 15 years ago we have never provided anything other than complete avoidance and carry your Ebinifrin,” says Professor Robert Wood, Director of Children’s Sensitivity and Immunology at Johns Hopkins University. “Now we have options.”
Increased interest in the treatment of allergies was motivated, partly, through an unprecedented rise in spreading. Excessive food admission to UK hospitals increased three times from 1998 to 2018, According to one analysisAnd the number of people affected by the less severe sensitivity RaisedWith factors including weaning practices, detergents and a lack of childhood communication with dirt and animals all the potential engines of this trend.
Exposure because treatment is not a new idea: it was the first successful use of oral immunotherapy for a 13 -year -old boy with egg allergy I mentioned in Lancet in 1908. But in the past decade, scientists have developed the additional doses protocols required to transfer this concept to the clinic. Palforzia drug license-peanut-peanut protein-means that treatment can now be delivered to those whose sensitivity is severe enough so that a lot of peanut protein can cause allergies.
Intensive treatment systems require an escalation of the dose for two weeks and a level of clinical supervision that led to NHS parking menus for several years. For most of them, they are not a treatment – patients have an increase in tolerance with low doses, but they need to maintain daily exposure and are still considered allergic.
“The problem of peanuts every day is that you are in a state of rope,” says Professor Graham Roberts, an allergic specialist at the University of Southampton. “You may still have a life -threatening reaction.”
There is also an increasing group of patients who manage multiple sensitivity, and those who are not impractical. “This is the place where the feature of treatments that do not fully involve food is allergic,” says Wood.
Nutritional sensitivity usually includes a group of powerful antibodies, which are called IISES, which are associated with immune cells more than 1,000 times more than other antibodies that scientists originally believe to protect the body from parasites. Now, largely in modern lifestyles, they have a weakness in the difference in response to nutritional proteins.
in Historical study last yearWood and his colleagues found that the anti -omalizumab anti -drug drugs, already licensed to acute asthma, could take off people to peanuts, cashews, milk, eggs, nuts, wheat and hazelnut allergy (participants were allergic to three) by sticking to antibodies.
Wood admits that the treatment “is not without some burden” 30,000 dollars and 60,000 dollars. But changing life for those who need to avoid spreading products such as milk, eggs and wheat can be. “These families do not travel without a cooler full of food,” says Wood. “They cannot eat abroad. They cannot trust anyone to prepare anything for their child. Your daily life is very dangerous.”
New products in the pipeline can reduce the treatment bar, including a Sudanese bean allergy vaccine candidate It is being developed by Australian Biotechnology Company Aravax (Stage 2 experience still includes monthly injection) Correction of peanuts It was developed by the French company DBV, which recently showed promising results in a three -year experience. Both are considered a less horrific and safer treatment system, with less chances of severe interactions while escalating the dose.
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“I am not convinced that we have suitable treatments for the current time,” says Roberts. “I would like to think that within 10 years, people with peanut allergies will have a completely different experience.”
There are also ambitions to treat more complete. While immunotherapy does not reflect most of the food allergies, bee stings have a rate of treatment higher than 90 %. Professor Marcus Ultrat, from the Luxembourg Institute healthPatients treated with a bee sensitivity were born and revealed that a molecule called interleukin-6 appears to be a key to moving from allergies to tolerance.
Others focus on trying to prevent allergies in the first place. It seems that the primary perpetrator in allergies has been organized in the nineties that parents should avoid giving children foods such as peanuts in the first year of life. “Since then, we have seen an allergy explosion,” Roberts says.
In a random experience, he and his colleagues found that the insertion of peanuts into the diet in four months led to a 80 % decrease in allergies. Another more modern study found significant discounts in peanuts, eggs, wheat and allergic cows when identifying children of three months of age. However, although iron -covered evidence that the early introduction is a preventive matter, it has been proven that it is difficult to retract warnings about the dangers of inserting peanuts very early and changing parents’ behavior.
