To understand how the universe was formed and how we got here, Old stars It is some of the best things to be studied – but astronomers know very little about the conditions in which they were formed. The dominant cosmic theories on whether the stars are formed in molecular clouds that are large and intense enough that they have the conditions needed to create new stars. These experts themselves were not certain, about some details of these circumstances. How is it really in that nursery among stars known as molecular clouds?
According to A recent study In the astronomical physical magazine, some molecular clouds from which stars are formed can be captured by an adjective that the stars do not link: thin.
Scientists at the Japanese University of Kyushu taught this, in cooperation with researchers from the University of Osaka Metropolitan, by studying the Magilanta small cloud (SMC), a dwarf galaxy near the Milky Way, which is nearly 20,000 people from the ground. SMC contains approximately twenty percent of heavy elements in the Milky Way, it is believed to be very similar to the cosmic environment of the early universe 10 billion years ago. That is why astronomers used the ALMA (Atacama, large millimeter) in Chile, which is strong enough to take high -resolution images from SMC.
“Our study was driven by a basic question: How did the formation of stars occur in the early universe?” Dr. Kazuki Tukuda, professor of Earth Sciences and Planets at Kyushu University in Fukuka, Japan, told the salon.
Molecular clouds in the small Magilant cloud (Alma (ESO/NAOJ/NRAO), tokuda et al., Esa/Horschel)Tokoda added: “We have sought to understand the formation and development of the role of stellar custody – molecular clouds where the stars are born – under conditions similar to those billions of years.” “Usually, the study of old areas that make up stars requires monitoring galaxies that are tens of billions of light years.”
After that, scientists collected a data collection covering 17 distinctive molecular clouds associated with the huge young stellar bodies. While coordinating this data from multiple programs can be a challenge, Tokoda has made it clear that she also provided a “unique opportunity”.
“The recent notes of our Milky Way method have increased the importance of ritual molecular clouds as the initial sites for the formation of stars.”
“We have focused on the aspects of data collections that have not been fully explored yet, and this approach has not only tested our ability to integrate various notes, but also revealed exciting details about the development of SMC stars.”
This is where the “distress” factor plays. Tokuda and other scientists wanted to understand whether the threads or fibers that resemble the threads are formed during the formation of stars, as this reveals basic details about their density and general composition. In the paper, the researchers concluded that “even if the strands are formed during the formation of stars, their sharp structures may become less clear and transfer to low temperatures.” Although the pre -observation of the milk method showed that these hairs were present in the molecular clouds that became sites for the formation of stars, SMC studies of pain prove that stars can also be in more wonderful conditions.
“The recent notes of our Milky Way method have increased the importance of rhetorical molecular clouds as the basic sites for the formation of stars,” said Tokoda. “However, the most prevalent molecular clouds have not received much attention over the past decade.”
Although these structures are lighter than molecular clouds with ritual structures, they are still completely similar in other basic aspects.
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“The environment, like the adequate supply of heavy elements, said it is very important to preserve a ritual structure and may play an important role in forming planetary systems,” Tokoda said in the study. Press statement. “In the future, it will be important to compare our results with molecular clouds notes in self -rich environments, including the Milky Way. Such studies must provide new visions about the formation and development of molecular clouds and the temporal universe.”
The researchers decided that the stars can be formed in a variety of structures, but there are “systematic differences in the physical properties of ritual and unpleasant clouds. It has faster speeds and an increasing width for the intensity of its columns, “in line with the relationship that has been observed in [Large Magellanic Cloud]“A dwarf galaxy near the Milky Way.
An example of the molecular cloud (left) and thin (right) in the Magilanta small cloud captured by alma (ESO/NAOJ/NRAO), tokuda et al.)
Finally, they added that “the high temperatures that were observed in the hairs indicate that they are probably preserved the hot conditions related to the formation of the cloud. Moreover,, [young stellar objects] With Proto-Staler flows in some ritual clouds. “
When their SMC research is manufactured with the growing knowledge group about other galaxies, he told Tokuda Salon that he hoped that astronomers can one day “deepen our understanding of how to form molecular clouds and develop under different circumstances.”
Dr. Avi Lub, an astronomer at Harvard University, told a salon that the paper lights up a mysterious story previously that includes the history of the universe.
“The data indicates that the smallest stars are formed in gas threads,” Loop said. After that, the gas and shrapnel cool in later generations of stars in lower thread structures. This behavior is not shared in stars forming environments that are enriched in heavy elements. “
He added: “The new behavior sheds light on what is the formation of stars in the early universe, before enriching primitive gas with heavy elements.”
